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Bitcoin block

0

Mined by Unknown · Jan 3, 2009, 18:15 UTC · 6,499 days ago

Transactions1
Median fee0.00 sat/vB
Time since previous block—
Total fees0.0000 BTC
Block reward50.0000 BTCSubsidy: 50.000 BTC
Size0.00 MBWeight: 0.00 MWU
The round on FreeBTC

This block was mined before its FreeBTC round, or nobody played it.

Confirmations
972,308
Difficulty epoch
0
Position in epoch
1 / 2016
Halving era
1
Difficulty
1
Unknown
7 blocks by this pool in the last week
Block hash
000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f
Verify on mempool.space ↗

About block 0

It confirmed 1 transactions in 0.00 MB (0.0% of the 4 million weight-unit limit). The median transaction paid 0.00 sat/vB, and all fees added up to 0.0000 BTC. With the 50.000 BTC subsidy of halving era 1, Unknown earned 50.0000 BTC for this block.

Block 0 is number 1 of 2,016 in difficulty epoch 0; 2,015 blocks remain until the next difficulty adjustment at block 2,015. The next halving is at block 210,000, 210,000 blocks after this one.

Its hash starts with 10 zeros: that is the proof of work, a number below the target that the whole network’s hashrate had to search for. Unknown found 7 blocks in the week before. Today the block has 972,308 confirmations, so it is settled beyond any practical doubt.

Why block 0 is notable

Block 0 is the genesis block, created by Satoshi Nakamoto and timestamped 3 January 2009. It is hard-coded into every Bitcoin node instead of being received from the network, and its coinbase carries a headline from that day’s edition of The Times about bank bailouts. Its 50 BTC subsidy can never be spent: the genesis output is not part of the set of spendable coins.

What’s inside a Bitcoin block

Every block, 0 included, is made of the same parts:

Header
Eighty bytes that miners hash over and over: the version, the hash of the previous block, the Merkle root that summarises every transaction, a timestamp, the difficulty target in compact form and a nonce. A block is valid when the hash of its header falls below the target.
Coinbase transaction
The first transaction, written by the miner. It spends no inputs: it creates the subsidy and collects the fees, and since BIP 34 it must also record the block height.
Transactions
Everything else in the block: payments taken from the mempool, usually picked by fee rate because space is capped at 4 million weight units. Block 0 holds 1, counting the coinbase.
Fees
The difference between what each transaction spends and what it creates. The miner claims them in the coinbase; they are the part of the reward set by demand rather than by the protocol.
Subsidy
New bitcoin created by the block, fixed by the halving schedule: 50 BTC at the start, halved every 210,000 blocks. At height 0 it is 50 BTC.

Questions about block 0

When was Bitcoin block 0 mined?

Its timestamp reads January 3, 2009 at 6:15 PM UTC and it was found by Unknown. The miner sets the timestamp: it must be later than the median of the previous 11 blocks and no more than two hours ahead of the network’s clock, so it can differ slightly from the real moment.

Why is block 0 notable?

Because it is the genesis block, the first block of the chain. Most blocks are routine; heights like this one are reference points in Bitcoin’s history.

Can block 0 still be reversed?

In practice, no. It has 972,308 confirmations: replacing it would mean redoing its proof of work and that of every block after it, faster than the rest of the network keeps adding new ones. Six confirmations is the usual threshold for large payments.

What does block height mean?

It is the number of blocks that come before it in the chain. The genesis block is height 0, so block 0 is block number 1 counting from one.

How often do halvings and difficulty adjustments happen?

Difficulty adjusts every 2,016 blocks, about two weeks; the subsidy halves every 210,000 blocks, about four years. Both are counted in blocks, not dates, so their calendar day is always an estimate until the block arrives.